Baking oven



sept. 2, 1924. 1,506,853

N. R. MOSS BAKING OVEN Filed Oct. 28, 1922 3 Sheets-Sheet l N. R. MUSS Sem 2 .1924.

BAKING OVE N Filed Oct. 28. 1922 I5 Sheets-Sheet 2 Il Il 1 1922 .'5 Sheets-Sheet 3 N. R. MOSS BAKING OVEN Filed 001,. 28

Sept. 2, 19221.

Patented Sept. 2, 1924,

NORMAN Bl. MOSS,

05," PTTSBURGH,

PENNSYLVjUNTI/..

'BAKING OVEN.

Application filed ctobel 28, 1922. Serial No. 597,476.

T all whom t may concern Be it known that L NORMAN R. Moss, a citizen ot the United States, residing at Pittsburgh, in the county of Allegheny and State ot" Pennsylvania, have invented new and useful improvements in Baking vens, of which the following is a` specification.

li/[y invention relates to baking ovens oit the type wherein the articles are progressively carried through the oven by endless conveyers.

The object of this invention is to provide an efficient apparatus whereby bread or the like will be baked under proper conditions as to time, temperature and moisture. it is one object to provide my oven with zones or chambers provided with separate sources ot Controlled heat. these beine' insulated to a greater or smaller extent from each other. Another object is to dispose heating; tlues at various places in the said Zone and cause the loaves to pass in a more or less serpentine manner about the fines. Other objects appear hereinafter.

Referring to the accompanying drawings, Fig'. 1 is a vertical section et an oven embodying;` the principles oi my invention; Fin'. 2, a verticular section taken at right angles to the plane on which Fig. 1 is taken; Figli. 3. a horizontal sect-ion on the line lllr--lll Fig. 1 and Fig'. 4, a horizontal section on the line lVMlV of Fig. 1.

On the drawings. I show my oven with the front wall 1, the rear wall 27 the side walls 3 and 4 and the top 5. all made ot heat-insulating material, as, refractory brick, or asbestos or the like1 or combinations of the same.

6 is a horizontal partition ot heat-insulating material extending` from the wall 3 to the wall 4. but spaced. from the walls 1 and 2., and with the vertical'heat-insulating partitions 7 and 8, dividingthe interior of the oven into upper and lower baking` chambers 9 land 10. At the bottoms ot the chambers are the heating chambers 11 and 12 provided with the gas burners'13 and13a'. The partition 7 extends laterally from the wall 3 to the-wall 4.,` and verticallyv from about the level of the heating chamber 12 to some distance above the heating chamber 1, and makes a tight joint with the front edge ot the partition 6. There is thus a vertical passage 14 between the front wall 1 and the partition 7. The partition 8 is joined to the rear edge of the partition 6 and extends upwardly only and is connected to the side walls 3 and 4.

A number of heat-ing' tlues in communication with. the heating ychambers 11 and 12 are provided in each baking chamber 9 and 10. In the chamber 9 I show two vertical heating fines 15 extending from the wall 3 to the wall 4 and upwardly nearly to the lower edges of the sprocket-wheels e and g near the top of the chamber 9. These sprocketwheels as well as all the sprocket-wheels shown except the one marked a are supported on the shaft 16 mounted in bearings 17 carried by the brackets 13 on the sides 3 and 4 ot the oven, the shaft 19 for the sprocket c being supported in any suitable. manner opposite the opening 2O near the lower end ot the front wall 1. The sprocketwheels in the oven are all arranged two on l each shaft, one near each side wall 3 and 4, but separated therefrom sutliciently to accommodate certain cross-over fines presently to be described.

At the top of the chamber 9 is the wastegas collecting chamber or box k21 provided with the outlet or off-take Hue 22 extending' through the top and opening at its lower end into the center of the chamber 21 and at its upper end into the atmosphere. Two

vertical heating` lines 23 communicate with the interior of the chamber 21, extend from the wall 3 to the wall. 4. and down to the sprocket-wheels d and 71 near the bottoni ot the baking chamber 9. Each flue is connected with a corresponding flue 23 by means of cross-over ilues 24, which liev next to the side walls 3 and 4 and communicate with the top portion of one lue 15 and the lower portion ot one tlue`23. the. 'fines 24 beingr coniined between the side walls and the adjacent sprocket-wheels, rFliese cross-over fines are preferably proportioned so as to carry without serious retardation all the 2gaseous products in the fines 15 over to the fines The fines 24 are provided with butterfly or other dampers 25 operated. for example. by rods 26 extending` to the outside ot the oven and connected to the damper by bevel gears 27.

le heating` chamber 12 is provided with heating' iiues 15a whicn extend up to the upper sprocket-wheels and m and in the plane of their shafts 16. The top of the chamber 10 hasy the waste-gaseollecting chamber or box 21a, with which the upper ends of the heating flues 23a communicate, the latter iues extending down to the sprocket-wheels j and n. Each flue a is connected to one flue 23a by a cross-over ilue 24a arranged between the upper and lower sprocket-wheels and connecting a flue 15a to a flue 23, the ilues 24a lying next to the side walls 3 and 4 and between them and the adjacent sprocket-wheels. The lines 24l are provided with dampers 25a operated by rods 26"l by means of bevel gears 27a. The chamber 21a is connected to the two outlet iiues 22a extending upwardly in the upper part olif the passage 14, the lues 22a lstanding between one of the walls 3 or 4 and the adjacent sprocket-wheel.

One of the shafts 16, as the one carrying the sprocket-wheels c, is provided with the driving gear 28, operated by any desired means.

Sprocket chains 29, indicated in places by links in full lines and elsewhere by light lines provided with arrow heads, run on the sprocket-wheels c to p, which carry the trays or shelves 30 loosely hung on the chains in a manner well known to those acquainted with the art of baking ovens. The sprocketwheels are arranged in each baking chamber at two levels so that the trays on the chains will travel in a serpentine path close to and parallel with the heating lues. Bread placed in the tray 30 between the sprocket-wheels a and 7) will travel under the wheels b, up the passage 14 between the wheels c, down near the adjacent flue 23, under the said flue 23 and the wheel (Z, up near one side of the adjacent flue 15 and between the same and the said flue 23, between the. wheels e, down near the remaining side of the lue l5, under the wheels f, up near one side of the second iiue 15, between the wheels g and above the last named Hue 15, down near one side of the second flue 23, down between the second tlues 15' and 23 and further down near the remaining side of the flue 5, under the wheel h and the second flue 23, up near the remaining side of the last named flue, betweenl the wheels z', down the passage 31 between the lwall 2 and the partition 8 and the outer side of the right-hand iiue 23a. rl`hence the tray travels under the wheel j, up along and between the right-hand. iues 23a 'and 15a, down near the said flue 24a, up

near the deft-hand flue 15', down alongiv and between the left-hand ilues 15a and 23a, up near the flue 23, down near the partition 7, and under the wheels 29 and a, where the bread is removed from the tray properly baked if the speed of the chains andthe temperatures have been properly regulated, which can be accomplished by means well known. The bread travels in similar courses in the two chambers 9 and 10,v but takes a longer course in the chamber 10 which is higher than the chamber 9. The temperature is kept higher in the lchamber 10 for the crusting and final baking by regulating the gas supply to the burners 13, by the operation of the dampers 25 or both. The insulated partitions 6, 7 and 8 prevent any appreciable amount of heat from passing from the chamber 10 to the chamber 9. 1t is to be noted that each chamber 9 and 10 is also heated from below by the radiation of heat directly from the heaters 11 andy 12, rI`he baking temperature is made progressively higher or as desired by regulating the dampers 25 and 25a independently, so that, for example, more heat may pass through the right-hand flues 15 and 23 than in the left-hand ones; and more heat may pass throughthe left-hand iiues 15a and 232L than through the right-hand ones.

Moist steam is supplied to the bottom of the passage 14 through the inlet 32, the steam condensing on the cooler loaves of bread to improve4 the quality of the crust thereon. 1 j

1 do not confine my invention to the specitic details and combinations shown or described, but desire that the same shall cover such modiications as come within the Scope oi' the appended claims.

1 claim- 1. In a baking oven, two baking chambers separated by heat-insulating partitions, a heating chamber in each chamber, an endless conveyer, means carried by the same for supporting articles to be baked, means causing the conveyer to travel back and forth in each chamber, flues in each baking chamber conimunicating at one end with the heating chamber therein and projecting between adjacent oppositely movable portions of the conveyer, other flues in each chamber projecting oppositely to the direction of the first lues and extending between adjacent oppositely moving portions of the conveyer, outlets for the second lues, and cross-fines out of the path of the conveyor connecting the inner ends of oppositelyeprojecting flues.

2. 1n a baking oven, baking chambers `separated by heat-insulating partitions, a heating chamber at one side oic each oven, par allel lues connected to each heating chamber and extending partly across each baking chamber, parallel oltake flues projecting from the opposite side of each chamber and into the same on diili'erent planes from those of therst lues, cross-dues connecting inner ends of oppositely extending flues, a conveyer, means for causing it lto travel in a serpentine manner along the said flues and around their inner ends, and means carried by the conveyer for supporting articles to be baked.v

3. In a baking oven, two baking chambers, parallel sets of flues projecting into each chamber alternately from. opposite sides 'isc thereof, means supplying heat to the outer ends ot' one set of lines and carrying olf waste gases from the outer ends of the other set of tlues, a conveyer, means for causing it to travel in a serpentine manner between the members ot' the sets of lues, means carried by the oonveyer for supporting articles to be baked, and cross-fines out of the path of the conveyer for connecting the inner ends of the members of one set of ilues to the inner ends of the other set.

el. In a baking oven, two baking chambers, parallel sets of lines projecting into each chamber alternately from opposite sides thereof, means supplying heat to the outer ends oi one set ot' tlues and carrying off waste gases from the outer ends of the other set of tlues, a conveyer, means for causing it to travel in a serpentine manner between the members of the sets of tlues, means carried by the conveyer for supporting articles to be baked, cross-fines out of the path of the conveyer for connecting the inner ends of the members of one set of tlues to the inner ends of the other set, and a damper for regulating the flow of heated air through the iiues.

5. In a baking oven, two baking chambers one over the other, having heat-insulating partitions, a heating chamber at the bottom of each baking chamber, a conveyer having a serpentine course in each baking chamber, and heating tlues communicating with the heating chambers and projecting downwardly between upwardly-open spaces between adjacent oppositely traveling portions of the conveyer.

6. In a baking oven, two baking chambers one over the other, having heat-insulating partitions, a heating chamber at the bottom of each baking chamber, a conveyer having a serpentine course in each baking chamber, heating fines communicating with the heating chambers and projecting downwardly between npwardly-open spaces between the adjacent oppositely traveling portions of the conveyor, and means for controlling the rate ot the passage of heated air through the tlues.

7. In a baking oven, a pair of superi1n posed baking chambers separated by a heatinsulating partition, a heating chamber at the bottom of each chamber, a waste-gas collecting chamber at the top of each baking chamber, a conveyer having a serpentine course in each baking chamber, two sets of fines in each baking chamber alternately projecting from the heating and collecting chambers and having their inner ends between oppositely moving portions of the conveyer, cross-fines out of the path of the conveyer connecting the inner ends of one set ot flues to the inner ends of the other set, vertical flues at the sides of the oven and out of the path of the conveyer 'for conducting gases from the lower heating chamber.

In testimony whereof, I atliX my signature this 30th day of September, 1922.

NORMAN R. MOSS. 

